Karl Marx, The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte (New York: International Publishers, 1963), 15.
Ibid., 15.
Justin McGuirk, “Selling Freedom: Tools of Personal Liberation,” in California: Designing Freedom, eds. Justin McGuirk and Brendan McGetrick (London and New York: Phaidon 2017), 10.
Ant Farm, "The Cowboy Nomad Manifesto," 1969. Reproduced in Felicity D. Scott, Living Archive 7: Ant Farm. Allegorical Time Warp: The Media Fallout of July 21, 1969 (Actar: Barcelona and New York, 2008), 21.
Reyner Banham, Scenes in American Deserta (London: Thames and Hudson, 1982), 99.
Ibid., McGuirk and McGetrick, inside cover.
Ibid., McGuirk, 9.
Ibid., 15.
Ibid., 15.
Friedrich A. Hayek, The Road to Serfdom (Abingdon, Oxford and New York: Routledge, 2001), 74.
Friedrich A. Hayek, Law, Legislation and Liberty: A New Statement of the Liberal Principles of Justice and Political Economy (Abingdon, Oxford and New York: Routledge, 2013), 13.
Karl Marx, Capital, Volume 1, trans. B. Fowkes (London: Penguin, 1976), 272.
Jason Read, The Politics of Transindividuality (Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2016), 51.
Gary Becker, “Human Capital,” The Concise Encyclopaedia of Economics, ➝.
Jonathan Crary, 24/7: Late Capitalism and the Ends of Sleep (London and New York: Verso, 2013). As Crary notes, “Billions of dollars are spent every year researching how to reduce decision-making time, how to eliminate the useless time of reflection and contemplation. This is the form of contemporary progress —the relentless capture and control of time and experience.”
Ibid., 37.
On the relationship between the counterculture and new modes of power see Fred Turner, From Counterculture to Cyberculture: Stewart Brand, the Whole Earth Network and the Rise of Digital Utopianism (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 2008); Felicity D. Scott, Outlaw Territories: Environments of Insecurity/Architectures of Counterinsurgency (New York: Zone Books, 2016).
Ibid., McGuirk, 14.
Ibid., Scott, 2016, 372, 19.
Attributed to Fred Richardson “Production in the Desert,” Whole Earth Catalog, 1971, cited in Felicity D. Scott, Living Archive 7: Ant Farm. Allegorical Time Warp: The Media Fallout of July 21 1969 (Barcelona and New York: Actar, 2008), 81.
Ibid., Marx, 1963, 84–85.
Ibid., Scott, 2016, 256.
Reyner Banham, The Architecture of the Well-tempered Environment (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1984), 19–21.
Ibid., Scott, 2016, 247.
Robert Venturi, Denise Scott Brown, Steven Izenour, Learning from Las Vegas (Cambridge, MA: MIT, 1972), 3.
Tim Brown, “Hello I’m Tim Brown CEO and President,” ➝.
Peter Hall, “IDEO Takes on the Government: The nimble consultancy brings design thinking to political structures in desperate need of reinvention,” Metropolis (June 2011), 100–123.
Ibid., McGuirk, 14.
Ibid., 14.
Douglas Spencer, “Architectural Deleuzism: Neoliberal Space, Control and the ‘Univer-City,’” Radical Philosophy 168 (July/August 2011), ➝.
Ibid., Crary, 46.
Alex Garkavenko, "Meet the New Class of Architecture Hackers," Architizer (March 12, 2014), ➝.
For a detailed analysis of this tendency see Douglas Spencer, The Architecture of Neoliberalism; How Architecture Became an Instrument of Control and Compliance (London and New York: Bloomsbury, 2016).
Architecture Lobby Manifesto (2014), ➝.
The Architecture Lobby, “The Architecture Lobby Statement on the AIA Response to Trump’s Election,” ➝.
The Architecture Lobby, “We Won’t Design Your Wall,” ➝.
Patrik Schumacher, statement to World Architecture Festival, Berlin, (November 2016), ➝.
Architectural Workers. “Who Are Architectural Workers?” Zine 2 (August 2017), ➝.
Cynthia Davidson and Monica Ponce de Leon, “The Architectural Imagination” (2016), ➝.
Detroit Resists “Statement on the U.S. Pavilion at the 2016 Venice Architecture Biennale” (2016), ➝.
G. W. F. Hegel, Philisophy of History, trans. J. Sibree (New York: Dover, 1956), 384.
Positions is an initiative of e-flux Architecture.